| name | Oral Contraceptives (various types) |
| classification | Hormonal Contraceptives, Estrogen-Progestin Combination |
| pharmacokinetics | Oral contraceptives are absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. The specific pharmacokinetics vary depending on the formulation. Peak plasma concentrations are generally reached within a few hours. Metabolism primarily occurs in the liver, and excretion is primarily through the kidneys. Specific details vary by brand and formulation. |
| suggested dosage | Dosage varies significantly by formulation; consult with a medical professional for personalized advice. |
| indications | | 1 | Contraception (birth control) | | 2 | Regulation of menstrual cycle | | 3 | Reduction of acne | | 4 | Management of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) | | 5 | Treatment of endometriosis (in some cases) |
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| safety in pregnancy | Absolutely contraindicated. Do not use during pregnancy or while trying to conceive. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Some formulations may have minimal impact on breastfeeding. Consult a medical professional regarding specific formulation. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea | | 2 | Headache | | 3 | Breast tenderness | | 4 | Mood changes | | 5 | Weight changes | | 6 | Vaginal bleeding irregularities (spotting, breakthrough bleeding) | | 7 | Blood clots (thrombosis) | | 8 | Increased risk of hypertension | | 9 | Increased risk of gallstones | | 10 | Liver tumors |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | History of blood clots | | 2 | History of stroke | | 3 | High blood pressure | | 4 | Severe liver disease | | 5 | Smoking (especially in women over 35) | | 6 | Known hypersensitivity to components | | 7 | Migraines with aura | | 8 | Severe cardiovascular disease |
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| interactions | Certain medications can interact with oral contraceptives, altering effectiveness or increasing side effects. Consult with a doctor about potential interactions with other medications. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Regular check-ups with healthcare provider are essential | | 2 | Report any unusual symptoms | | 3 | Be aware of potential risks associated with long-term use | | 4 | Recognize symptoms of blood clots | | 5 | Close monitoring for pre-existing conditions needed | | 6 | Do not use if pregnant or planning a pregnancy. | | 7 | Not indicated for male patients |
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| additional information | Prescription only. Benefits must outweigh risks for each individual. Detailed discussion with healthcare provider is essential before use. |
| patient specific details | |
| not applicable to male | 1 |
