| name | Minocycline |
| Classification | Tetracycline antibiotic |
| Pharmacokinetics | Minocycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak serum concentrations are generally achieved within 2-4 hours of oral administration. It is distributed widely throughout the body, including the tissues and fluids. Minocycline is primarily eliminated renally, with a half-life ranging from 12 to 20 hours. Minocycline accumulates in tissues, including bone marrow, teeth, and skin. |
| suggested dosage | | adult | Generally, minocycline is administered orally in doses ranging from 50 to 200 mg every 12 hours, or 100 to 200 mg once daily. Dosage and frequency will vary depending on the specific condition being treated. Consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosage recommendations. | | patient specific | A 25-year-old male weighing 70 kg should adhere to the standard dosage range, but this should be decided and supervised by a physician. The dosage needs to be tailored based on the specific infection and the patient's response. Do not self-medicate. |
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| indications | Minocycline is used to treat a range of bacterial infections, including skin infections, respiratory infections, and some sexually transmitted infections. It is also used in the treatment of acne. |
| safety in pregnancy | Minocycline is a category D drug, meaning that there is evidence of risk to the fetus in humans. Therefore, its use in pregnancy should be carefully considered by a physician, and used only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk. Minocycline can cause skeletal abnormalities, including enamel hypoplasia and discoloration of teeth in the developing fetus. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Minocycline is present in breast milk, and its potential effect on a nursing infant is unknown. Therefore, its use while breastfeeding is not generally recommended unless carefully evaluated by a physician. |
| side effects | | 1 | Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) | | 2 | Headache | | 3 | Dizziness | | 4 | Photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight) | | 5 | Changes in tooth and bone development in children and adolescents (including discoloration of teeth) | | 6 | Skin rash | | 7 | Liver function abnormalities | | 8 | Rare cases of more serious adverse effects, such as allergic reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) | | 9 | Possible effects on the nervous system, potentially including mood changes. |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to minocycline or other tetracyclines | | 2 | History of severe liver disease or problems with the liver | | 3 | Use during the first trimester of pregnancy | | 4 | Use in children under 8 years of age (unless specifically prescribed by a physician) | | 5 | Severe kidney disease or kidney failure. |
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| interactions | | 1 | Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium | | 2 | Drugs that interfere with the absorption of calcium | | 3 | Drugs that affect liver function | | 4 | Oral anticoagulants | | 5 | Oral contraceptives | | 6 | Other antibiotics, or drugs that may have interactions. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Caution is required in patients with renal impairment | | 2 | Monitor patients closely for signs of hypersensitivity reactions | | 3 | Patients with a history of photosensitivity should be cautioned about sun exposure | | 4 | Avoid use during the first trimester of pregnancy unless clearly indicated | | 5 | Inform patients about possible effects on teeth and bones, especially in children and adolescents. |
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| additional informations | Minocycline should be taken with a full glass of water, preferably not with milk or antacids. Always follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment. Inform your doctor about any other medications you are taking before starting minocycline. |
| patient age | 25 |
| patient weight | 70 |
