| name | Metronidazole |
| classification | Antiprotozoal, Antibacterial |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Well absorbed orally, with peak plasma concentrations achieved within 1-4 hours. | | distribution | Distributes widely throughout the body, including the brain and CSF. | | metabolism | Primarily metabolized in the liver to active metabolites. | | excretion | Excreted primarily in urine, with some excretion in feces. |
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| suggested dosage | | adults | | oral | | typical | 250-500 mg three times daily, or 750 mg twice daily. | | specific conditions | Dosages may vary based on the specific infection and its severity. Consult a physician for appropriate dosage. |
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| | patient specific | Dosage information is a general guideline only. A healthcare professional should determine the appropriate dosage for a specific patient based on their individual needs, medical history, and other medications they are taking. Do not adjust the dosage without consulting a doctor. |
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| indications | | 1 | Bacterial vaginosis | | 2 | Trichomoniasis | | 3 | Amebiasis | | 4 | Giardiasis | | 5 | Certain anaerobic bacterial infections (e.g., abdominal or pelvic) |
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| safety in pregnancy | | category | B | | recommendation | Generally considered safe during pregnancy. Use only when needed and discuss risks/benefits with a healthcare provider. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | Metronidazole and its metabolites pass into breast milk. Use caution when breastfeeding; consult your doctor. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea | | 2 | Vomiting | | 3 | Diarrhea | | 4 | Headache | | 5 | Metallic taste in mouth | | 6 | Abdominal pain | | 7 | Loss of appetite | | 8 | Disulfiram-like reaction (with alcohol) | | 9 | Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), seizures, or blood disorders (rare) |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Hypersensitivity to metronidazole | | 2 | Alcohol (severe disulfiram-like reaction possible) | | 3 | Severe liver disease | | 4 | Certain blood disorders |
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| interactions | | 1 | Alcohol: Avoid alcohol consumption. | | 2 | Certain medications: May interact; consult a doctor. | | 3 | Other drugs: Inform your doctor about all medications (including OTC and herbal). |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor closely in patients with a history of seizures or liver disease. | | 2 | Consult a doctor if symptoms worsen or persist. | | 3 | Follow the prescribed regimen completely. | | 4 | Effectiveness may be limited if infection is not properly diagnosed. |
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| additional information | This drug should only be taken as directed by a healthcare professional. |
