| drug name | Metronidazole |
| classification | | 1 | Antiprotozoal | | 2 | Antibacterial |
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| pharmacokinetics | Well absorbed orally; peak plasma concentrations typically achieved within 1-2 hours. Widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. Primarily metabolized in the liver to active metabolites. Excreted mainly in urine. Elimination half-life varies depending on the dose and individual factors. |
| dosage recommendations | | 1 | | description | Adult male (25-70 kg) | | range | 250-500 mg orally 3-4 times daily | | important note | Specific dosing guidelines depend on the condition being treated and should be determined by a healthcare professional. |
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| indications | | 1 | | condition | Trichomoniasis | | type | Protozoal |
| | 2 | | condition | Giardiasis | | type | Protozoal |
| | 3 | | condition | Amebiasis | | type | Protozoal |
| | 4 | | condition | Bacterial Vaginosis | | type | Bacterial |
| | 5 | | condition | Anaerobic Bacterial Infections | | type | Bacterial |
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| safety pregnancy | Use only when clearly needed; potential risks to the fetus, especially during the first trimester. Consult a physician for a thorough risk/benefit assessment. |
| safety breastfeeding | Metronidazole is excreted in breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers. Consult with a healthcare professional. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea | | 2 | Vomiting | | 3 | Diarrhea | | 4 | Headache | | 5 | Dizziness | | 6 | Fatigue | | 7 | Metallic taste | | 8 | Loss of appetite | | 9 | Abdominal cramps | | 10 | Stomach upset | | 11 | Disulfiram-like reaction (with alcohol) | | 12 | Peripheral neuropathy (rare with recommended dosages) | | 13 | Dry mouth | | 14 | Vaginitis | | 15 | Skin rashes |
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| alternative medications | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to metronidazole or related compounds | | 2 | Severe liver disease | | 3 | Concurrent use of disulfiram |
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| drug interactions | | 1 | Alcohol consumption (disulfiram-like reaction) | | 2 | Drugs affecting liver function | | 3 | Warfarin (potential for increased bleeding) | | 4 | Other medications |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor for signs of blood disorders (low blood counts). | | 2 | Avoid alcohol consumption while taking metronidazole or for at least 24 hours after taking the last dose. | | 3 | Caution in patients with a history of seizures or neurological conditions. | | 4 | Administer with food if gastric upset is a concern. |
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| additional information | Dosage and duration depend on the specific infection. A healthcare professional must determine these details. Do not self-treat. |
