| name | Nitazoxanide |
| classification | Antiparasitic, Antiprotozoal |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Well absorbed orally, peak plasma concentrations typically within 1-2 hours. | | distribution | Distributes widely throughout the body, including the intestines and liver. | | metabolism | Metabolized in the liver to its active metabolite, the carboxyl derivative. This active metabolite is more potent against parasites. | | excretion | Eliminated primarily in the urine, with some metabolites excreted in the feces. The elimination half-life is roughly 8 to 10 hours, but can be extended in individuals with renal impairment. |
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| suggested dosage | | adult | | amoebiasis | 500 mg twice daily for 3 days or 250 mg twice daily for 5 days | | giardia | 500 mg twice daily for 3 days |
| | notes | Specific dosage and duration will vary depending on the infection and severity. Consult a physician for proper guidance. |
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| indications | Treatment of infections caused by *Giardia lamblia* and *Cryptosporidium parvum*. Also used for intestinal infections caused by *Entamoeba histolytica*. |
| safety in pregnancy | Nitazoxanide is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, however, limited data exists. Consult your physician for a risk-benefit assessment if pregnant or considering pregnancy. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data is available regarding the safety of nitazoxanide in breastfeeding mothers. Consult a healthcare professional for individualized guidance if breastfeeding. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea | | 2 | Vomiting | | 3 | Diarrhea | | 4 | Abdominal pain | | 5 | Headache | | 6 | Fatigue | | 7 | Loss of appetite | | 8 | Skin rash | | 9 | Allergic reactions (rare) |
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| alternatives | | 1 | | drug | Metronidazole | | notes | Commonly used for similar parasitic infections, but has different mechanisms and side effects profile. |
| | 2 | | drug | Paromomycin | | notes | Used for intestinal infections, but with different spectrum of activity compared to Nitazoxanide. |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to nitazoxanide or related drugs. | | 2 | Severe hepatic or renal impairment may require dosage adjustments or contraindications. |
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| interactions | | 1 | Possible interactions with certain medications, particularly those affecting liver function. Consult your physician about any medications you are currently taking. | | 2 | May affect the absorption of certain vitamins and minerals |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor for signs of liver dysfunction during therapy. If signs arise, stop the medicine and contact a doctor immediately. | | 2 | Do not exceed the recommended dosage, or duration without consulting a doctor. | | 3 | In case of symptoms worsening or not improving, stop the medicine and contact your doctor. |
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| additional informations | | patient profile | 25-year-old male weighing 70 kg, not specific relevant data for dosage adjustment. | | important notes | Dosage information is for general guidance only. The information provided does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. |
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