| name | Creatine Monohydrate |
| classification | Dietary Supplement, Ergogenic Aid |
| pharmacokinetics | Creatine is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and rapidly distributed to tissues, particularly skeletal muscle. High concentrations are achieved within hours of ingestion. Primarily excreted as creatinine via the kidneys. Body stores approximately 120-160 mmol in a 70 kg adult. Creatine supplementation can increase these stores. |
| suggested dosage | Common dosage: 3-5 grams per day. Loading doses (20 grams per day for 5-7 days, followed by 3-5 grams daily) are often used to quickly saturate muscle stores. Individual response varies. Consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosage. |
| indications | | 1 | Improved muscle strength, power, and endurance in resistance training | | 2 | Potentially beneficial for improving cognitive function in some individuals | | 3 | Some evidence for aiding in recovery after exercise |
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| safety in pregnancy | Limited human data. No conclusive evidence of harm, however, long-term use is unknown and not recommended due to insufficient data. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited human data. Creatine is excreted in breast milk, with no conclusive evidence of harm to the infant. Avoid use during breastfeeding unless benefits outweigh potential risks. |
| side effects | | 1 | | type | Common | | effects | | 1 | Gastrointestinal upset (bloating, diarrhea, stomach cramps) | | 2 | Weight gain (water retention) | | 3 | Dehydration (if not drinking enough water) |
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| | 2 | | type | Less Common | | effects | | 1 | Muscle cramping | | 2 | Kidney problems (pre-existing kidney disease or excessive creatine consumption) | | 3 | Liver dysfunction (rare) |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Pre-existing kidney or liver disease | | 2 | History of liver or kidney problems | | 3 | Individuals taking medication for kidney or liver dysfunction |
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| interactions | May interact with certain medications/supplements (e.g., diuretics, medications affecting kidney function). Disclose all medications and supplements to your healthcare provider. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Consume adequate water to prevent dehydration. | | 2 | Individuals with pre-existing medical conditions should consult a healthcare professional before use. | | 3 | Do not exceed recommended dosage. |
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| additional information | Generally well-tolerated, beneficial effects most likely seen with resistance training. Ongoing research regarding long-term effects. Consult a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before considering supplementation. |
| patient details | | age | 25 | | weight | 70 kg | | gender | male |
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| disclaimer | This information is for general knowledge only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this site. |
