| name | Nicardipine |
| classification | Calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine type |
| pharmacokinetics | Nicardipine is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, but oral bioavailability is variable and low. Extensive first-pass metabolism occurs. The drug is primarily metabolized in the liver. Peak plasma concentrations are typically reached within 1-2 hours after oral administration. The drug's elimination half-life varies but is generally 5-8 hours. |
| suggested dosage | | oral | | adult | | initial | 5-10 mg/hour by continuous intravenous infusion; adjust dose based on response. Oral dosages are typically in the range of 5-20 mg three or four times daily. | | maintenance | Adjust dosage based on blood pressure response. Initial oral dosages can be in the 20–40 mg every 6 hours range. |
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| | notes | Dosage should be individualized based on patient response and blood pressure control. The specific dosage and route of administration should be determined by a healthcare professional. | | weight specific dosage | Dosage is not primarily weight-dependent. Blood pressure and other medical conditions are more important considerations. |
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| indications | Nicardipine is primarily used for the management of hypertensive emergencies, such as severe hypertension in patients requiring rapid blood pressure reduction. |
| safety in pregnancy | Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. Limited human data on effects. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited information on excretion in breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers. Benefits and risks should be considered by the healthcare provider. |
| side effects | | 1 | Headache | | 2 | Flushing | | 3 | Peripheral edema | | 4 | Palpitations | | 5 | Dizziness | | 6 | Nausea | | 7 | Vomiting | | 8 | Arrhythmias | | 9 | Hypotension (low blood pressure) | | 10 | Fatigue | | 11 | Bradycardia |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Hypersensitivity to nicardipine or other dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers | | 2 | Severe hypotension | | 3 | Significant left ventricular outflow obstruction |
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| interactions | Nicardipine may interact with other medications that affect blood pressure or cardiovascular function, including other antihypertensives. Always inform your physician about all medications you are taking. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Closely monitor blood pressure and heart rate, especially during initial treatment. | | 2 | Monitor patients closely for signs of hypotension, particularly in those with impaired cardiac function or receiving other antihypertensive medications. | | 3 | Rapid blood pressure lowering can cause cerebral ischemia. | | 4 | Use cautiously in patients with pre-existing renal or hepatic disease. |
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| additional informations | Nicardipine is generally well-tolerated. However, the potential for hypotension and other side effects should be carefully weighed against the potential therapeutic benefit for each patient. |
| patient details | |
