| name | Labetalol |
| classification | Antihypertensive, Beta-blocker, Alpha-blocker |
| pharmacokinetics | Labetalol is rapidly absorbed following oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in 1-3 hours. Significant first-pass metabolism occurs. The drug is extensively metabolized, primarily by the liver. Elimination half-life varies, depending on the route of administration. It's primarily excreted in the urine as metabolites. |
| suggested dosage | | oral | Initial dose is typically 100-200 mg orally every 6-8 hours, titrated upward as needed to control blood pressure. Maintenance doses can vary widely and should be individualized. | | intravenous | Intravenous administration is used for hypertensive emergencies. Dosing is highly individualized and closely monitored by healthcare professionals to avoid excessively rapid reductions in blood pressure. |
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| indications | | 1 | Hypertension (especially in pregnant women and in emergencies) | | 2 | Essential hypertension | | 3 | Hypertensive crisis | | 4 | Pheochromocytoma |
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| safety in pregnancy | Labetalol is generally considered relatively safe during pregnancy. It crosses the placenta, but risks are generally less than other antihypertensives. However, monitor closely for fetal effects, especially in the third trimester. Consult with a healthcare professional regarding risks and benefits. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Labetalol can pass into breast milk. However, there is some evidence suggesting minimal transfer. Careful monitoring of the infant for adverse effects is recommended, particularly if the mother is taking high doses. |
| side effects | | 1 | Dizziness | | 2 | Fatigue | | 3 | Headache | | 4 | Nausea | | 5 | Vomiting | | 6 | Bradycardia | | 7 | Hypotension (especially with intravenous administration) | | 8 | Peripheral edema | | 9 | Cold extremities | | 10 | Sexual dysfunction | | 11 | Dry mouth | | 12 | Constipation |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Severe bradycardia | | 2 | Cardiogenic shock | | 3 | Severe heart failure (with caution in moderate heart failure) | | 4 | Bronchospastic disease (e.g., asthma, COPD) | | 5 | Significant peripheral vascular disease | | 6 | Second or third-degree heart block (unless a pacemaker is in place) |
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| interactions | Labetalol can interact with other medications, including beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, other antihypertensives, and some antidepressants. It is important to inform your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking. |
| warnings and precautions | Labetalol can cause significant drops in blood pressure, particularly with rapid intravenous administration. Monitor blood pressure closely, especially in the first few hours. Patients with conditions like asthma or heart failure need careful evaluation and management. Hypotension and bradycardia may occur. Abrupt discontinuation of the drug should be avoided. |
| additional informations | Labetalol is effective in treating hypertensive emergencies, but careful monitoring of vital signs and blood pressure is essential. Consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosing and management. |
| patient profile | |
