| name | Nifedipine |
| classification | Calcium Channel Blocker, Dihydropyridine type |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, bioavailability is variable. Significant first-pass metabolism occurs. | | distribution | Widely distributed in the body, high protein binding (approx. 90%). | | metabolism | Extensive hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 system. | | excretion | Primarily excreted in the urine as metabolites. |
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| suggested dosage | | oral | | general | Dosage varies significantly depending on the specific formulation (e.g., immediate-release, extended-release). A doctor should determine the specific dosage and schedule, considering individual needs and response. | | examples | | 1 | | formulation | immediate-release | | initial range | 10-20 mg, PO, every 4-6 hours | | maximum dose | 120 mg/day |
| | 2 | | formulation | extended-release | | typical dose | 30-60 mg, PO, once daily | | maximum dose | 120 mg/day |
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| | important note | The information presented here is for general knowledge and informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage and treatment plan for your specific condition. |
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| indications | | 1 | Hypertension | | 2 | Angina pectoris (chronic stable angina) | | 3 | Vasospastic angina (Prinzmetal's angina) | | 4 | Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (in selected patients) |
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| safety in pregnancy | | classification | Pregnancy Category C. Nifedipine crosses the placenta, but adverse effects in the fetus are not well documented. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk. | | further note | Thorough discussion with a doctor is necessary before considering nifedipine use during pregnancy. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | | classification | Nifedipine is excreted in breast milk. The potential for adverse effects in the infant is not definitively established. Consult with a healthcare provider regarding the potential risks and benefits. | | further note | Alternatives should be considered if breastfeeding is desired. |
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| side effects | | 1 | Headache | | 2 | Peripheral edema | | 3 | Flushing | | 4 | Dizziness | | 5 | Fatigue | | 6 | Palpitations | | 7 | Constipation | | 8 | Nausea | | 9 | Reflex tachycardia (especially with short-acting formulations) | | 10 | Hypotension |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Hypersensitivity to nifedipine or other calcium channel blockers | | 2 | Severe hypotension | | 3 | Severe left ventricular dysfunction | | 4 | Uncontrolled heart failure |
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| interactions | | 1 | Grapefruit juice can increase nifedipine levels | | 2 | CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin) can increase nifedipine levels | | 3 | CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin) can decrease nifedipine levels | | 4 | Drugs that lower blood pressure (e.g., ACE inhibitors, diuretics) |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Patients with liver or kidney disease may require dosage adjustments. | | 2 | Caution is needed in patients with pre-existing hypotension, conduction disorders, or severe heart conditions. | | 3 | May cause dizziness; caution should be used when operating machinery or engaging in activities requiring alertness. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Nifedipine can cause gingival hyperplasia (overgrowth of gum tissue), especially in long-term use. |
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| patient profile | |
| disclaimer | This information is for general knowledge only and should not be used for self-diagnosis or treatment. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized medical advice. |
