| name | Cephalexin |
| classification | Second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic |
| pharmacokinetics | Cephalexin is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours after oral administration. It is distributed throughout the body, including the tissues and fluids. The drug is primarily eliminated by renal excretion, primarily unchanged in the urine. Renal impairment can affect the elimination of cephalexin, requiring dosage adjustments. |
| suggested dosage | | general | Dosage is individualized based on the specific infection and patient characteristics. A typical dose for adults is 250-500 mg every 6 hours. Adjustments may be required for patients with impaired kidney function. | | patient specific | For a 70 kg male patient at 25 years of age with normal renal function, the usual starting dose is 250 mg orally every 6 hours. | | note | Consult a healthcare professional for personalized dosage guidance. |
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| indications | Cephalexin is indicated for the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections, including skin infections, respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and soft tissue infections. It's effective against susceptible bacterial species. Consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment plan. |
| safety in pregnancy | Cephalexin is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy. However, it's crucial to weigh the potential benefits against potential risks, especially during the first trimester. Consult with a healthcare provider to discuss the potential risks and benefits in each specific situation. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Cephalexin is excreted in breast milk, although the amount is generally considered to be low and poses minimal risk to the infant. It is generally regarded as safe for use in breastfeeding mothers, but individual patient circumstances may require consideration and consultation with a healthcare professional. |
| side effects | | 1 | Nausea | | 2 | Vomiting | | 3 | Diarrhea | | 4 | Abdominal pain | | 5 | Headache | | 6 | Skin rash | | 7 | Pruritus (itching) | | 8 | Allergic reactions (rare but potentially serious) | | 9 | Superinfection (e.g., yeast infections) |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known allergy or hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins | | 2 | History of severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to other drugs |
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| interactions | | 1 | Other medications that may affect kidney function | | 2 | Other medications that may be affected by cephalexin | | 3 | Probenecid, which may reduce cephalexin excretion | | 4 | Oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin) may require dosage adjustments or monitoring. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor for signs of allergic reactions, especially skin rashes. | | 2 | Monitor for signs of superinfection (e.g., vaginal discharge, oral thrush). | | 3 | Renal impairment requires dose adjustment, consult a healthcare professional. | | 4 | Monitor for signs of bleeding or bruising, especially if used with other medications that could increase the risk. |
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| additional information | This information is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and personalized guidance. |
| important notes | Always inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. |
