| name | Beta Blockers |
| Classification | Antihypertensives, Antianginals, Antiarrhythmics, etc. |
| Pharmacokinetics | Absorption: Variable, depending on the specific beta blocker. Metabolism: Primarily in the liver. Excretion: Primarily via the kidneys. Significant variations exist between individual beta blockers in these processes. Age and kidney function can influence the pharmacokinetic profile. |
| suggested dosage | Dosage varies significantly based on the specific beta blocker, the patient's condition, and response. Consult a physician for personalized dosage recommendations. |
| indications | | 1 | Hypertension | | 2 | Angina pectoris | | 3 | Arrhythmias | | 4 | Migraine prophylaxis | | 5 | Essential tremor | | 6 | Thyroid storm | | 7 | Post-myocardial infarction |
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| Safety in pregnancy | Generally, beta-blockers should be used cautiously in pregnancy, with careful consideration of the potential risks to the fetus. Specific risks vary based on the beta-blocker and the gestational stage. Consultation with a physician is crucial. |
| Safety in breastfeeding | Some beta-blockers are excreted in breast milk. The potential risks to the infant must be considered. Consultation with a physician is necessary. |
| side effects | | 1 | Bradycardia | | 2 | Hypotension | | 3 | Fatigue | | 4 | Dizziness | | 5 | Cold extremities | | 6 | Bronchospasm (especially in patients with asthma or COPD) | | 7 | Depression | | 8 | Sleep disturbances | | 9 | Impotence | | 10 | Nausea, vomiting | | 11 | Peripheral neuropathy | | 12 | mask hypoglycemia (diabetics) |
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| alternatives | | 1 | | | 2 | | name | Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | | class | Antihypertensives |
| | 3 | | name | Calcium Channel Blockers | | class | Antihypertensives, Antianginals |
| | 4 | | name | Thiazide Diuretics | | class | Antihypertensives |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Severe bradycardia | | 2 | Heart block | | 3 | Asthma or COPD | | 4 | Peripheral vascular disease | | 5 | Severe hypotension | | 6 | Sick sinus syndrome | | 7 | Severe Raynaud's phenomenon |
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| interactions | | 1 | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) | | 2 | Verapamil | | 3 | Digoxin | | 4 | Insulin and oral antidiabetics | | 5 | Other beta-blockers | | 6 | Alcohol |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Patients with diabetes or a history of diabetes may require close monitoring, and blood glucose levels should be monitored frequently. | | 2 | Patients with asthma or COPD need careful consideration for the risk of bronchospasm. | | 3 | Abrupt discontinuation of beta-blockers should be avoided due to potential rebound effects. | | 4 | Caution is required in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. | | 5 | Monitor blood pressure regularly and adjust dosage accordingly. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Numerous specific beta-blocker medications exist (e.g., metoprolol, propranolol, atenolol). | | 2 | The patient's age and weight are factors that will guide dosage and selection of medication but aren't the sole determining factors. | | 3 | Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment. | | 4 | Do not self-treat or adjust dosages without medical advice. |
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