| name | Benzoyl Peroxide Topical |
| classification | Antimicrobial, Keratolytic |
| pharmacokinetics | Benzoyl peroxide is primarily absorbed transdermally. The exact pharmacokinetic parameters are not fully characterized, as it primarily targets skin bacteria and the active metabolite is the source of keratolytic and anti-inflammatory activity. The primary mechanism of action does not involve systemic absorption to any significant degree, but some systemic absorption is possible, which could lead to side effects in certain patients. |
| suggested dosage | | adult | Typically 2.5% - 10% benzoyl peroxide in the form of a cream, gel, or wash applied twice daily to affected areas. | | patient specific | Specific dosage recommendations should be based on individual patient response and severity of acne. A healthcare provider should determine the appropriate strength and frequency of application. |
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| indications | Treatment of acne vulgaris, specifically comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, and mild to moderate inflammatory lesions. Not indicated for severe cystic acne or other skin conditions. |
| safety in pregnancy | Limited data. Benzoyl peroxide use during pregnancy should be discussed with the healthcare provider. Although generally considered safe for topical use, there is a lack of large-scale, long-term studies. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data. While generally considered safe, it is prudent to discuss use with a healthcare provider. |
| additional information | Benzoyl peroxide is available in various concentrations and formulations. It is a common component in acne treatment regimens and may be used in conjunction with other medications. Some patients may experience irritation, redness, and/or dryness. Regular monitoring and adjustment of treatment are advised. |
| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation (redness, dryness, burning, stinging) | | 2 | Skin dryness or peeling | | 3 | Contact dermatitis (allergic reaction) | | 4 | Temporary skin discoloration or whitening | | 5 | Photosensitivity (increased skin sensitivity to sunlight) |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | Known hypersensitivity or allergy to benzoyl peroxide. Severe skin conditions or rashes that are not acne. Open wounds or broken skin in treated area. Use in individuals with skin conditions like rosacea or eczema should be carefully monitored and/or avoided |
| interactions | Possible interactions with other topical medications (e.g., retinoids). Avoid concurrent use of other harsh topical products or scrubbing agents as they can exacerbate irritation. Inform healthcare provider about all medications used. Increased sensitivity to sunlight is possible, so sun protection is important. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Start with a lower concentration and frequency of application to allow skin to adapt. | | 2 | Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. | | 3 | Discontinue use if irritation worsens or new symptoms develop. | | 4 | Advise patient to inform healthcare provider if skin condition worsens or new symptoms develop. | | 5 | Inform patients about the potential for photosensitivity, and recommend using sunscreen. |
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| patient specific considerations | | age | Benzoyl peroxide is generally safe in 25-year-old male patients. No age-related specific cautions. | | weight | Weight does not affect the suggested dosage or the drug's pharmacokinetics in this case. |
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