| name | Azelaic Acid (e.g., Azelex) |
| classification | Keratolytic, anti-inflammatory, comedolytic agent. |
| pharmacokinetics | Azelaic acid is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid. It is well-absorbed through the skin. Metabolism occurs primarily in the liver. Excretion is primarily through the urine. The exact pharmacokinetic profile, especially in the context of topical application, varies depending on the formulation and specific application method. Data on the complete pharmacokinetic profile in human systemic circulation is limited. |
| suggested dosage | Topical application only. Consult a dermatologist or healthcare professional for specific dosage and treatment regimen, especially since it's a skin condition and requires appropriate individualized management. |
| indications | | 1 | Treatment of acne vulgaris (mild to moderate), including comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, and pustules. | | 2 | Treatment of rosacea, particularly inflammatory lesions. | | 3 | Treatment of skin conditions like hyperpigmentation and melasma, but its use for these conditions is often less definitive and requires further investigation/consideration. |
|
| safety in pregnancy | Limited data exists regarding azelaic acid's use during pregnancy. While generally considered to be safe, it is important to carefully consider the potential benefits versus risks in a pregnant patient. Consult with a healthcare professional. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data available. Possible minimal amount of azelaic acid in breast milk. Consult with a healthcare professional about the potential risks and benefits for both mother and child. |
| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation, redness, dryness, or burning at the application site. | | 2 | Transient hyperpigmentation, which usually resolves. | | 3 | Contact dermatitis (allergic reaction) in rare cases. Stop treatment and contact a healthcare professional if this occurs. | | 4 | Possible mild gastrointestinal upset, or other systemic symptoms. These are rare and usually transient with topical application. |
|
| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity or allergy to azelaic acid or any of the formulation components. | | 2 | Severe skin conditions or active infections in the treatment area. |
|
| interactions | Limited clinical data. Potentially interacts with other topical treatments or medications, or systemic treatments. Consult your doctor about any other medications you're taking. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Apply azelaic acid to clean and dry skin. | | 2 | Avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, flush with plenty of water. | | 3 | Start with a low concentration and gradually increase as tolerated. | | 4 | Be aware of and manage any potential skin irritation. It's not an immediate or rapid-acting treatment. It may take several weeks to see improvement. | | 5 | Proper sun protection is necessary, especially if hyperpigmentation is a concern (but this can be a concern with all skin treatments), to prevent further skin irritation or other adverse events. | | 6 | Report any unexpected reactions or unusual worsening to your doctor immediately. | | 7 | Consider other factors that might impact acne vulgaris and rosacea, for example, dietary habits or lifestyle choices, or underlying medical conditions |
|
| additional information | Azelaic acid is available in various concentrations. Topical formulations are generally used. This data is not exhaustive and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a dermatologist or healthcare professional for specific advice relevant to individual patient conditions and treatment plans. |
| patient profile | |
