| name | Venlafaxine |
| classification | Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) |
| pharmacokinetics | Venlafaxine is rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are typically reached within 2-4 hours. It is extensively metabolized primarily in the liver, primarily by CYP2D6. The primary metabolites are O-desmethylvenlafaxine and the inactive 3-hydroxy metabolite. The elimination half-life is approximately 11 hours, but can vary depending on individual metabolism. Venlafaxine is highly protein bound, primarily to albumin. |
| suggested dosage | | details | The starting dose for venlafaxine is typically 37.5 mg daily, taken orally. Dosages can be increased in steps of 37.5-75mg every 1-2 weeks until an optimal response is achieved. Maintenance dosages typically range from 75 to 300 mg per day, taken once daily or divided into twice-daily dosing. Specific dosage adjustments must be made by a qualified healthcare provider. | | notes | Dosage depends on individual patient response and severity of condition. Always follow the instructions of your prescribing physician. |
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| indications | Venlafaxine is primarily indicated for major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It may also be used in the treatment of chronic pain conditions. |
| safety in pregnancy | | details | Venlafaxine use during pregnancy is associated with potential risks to the fetus. It's categorized as pregnancy category C by the FDA and should be used only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks. The doctor should closely monitor the mother and fetus throughout pregnancy, especially during the first trimester. | | notes | Consult with a healthcare professional about the risks and benefits of using venlafaxine during pregnancy. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | | details | Venlafaxine is excreted in breast milk. The potential risks to the infant need to be considered. Consult with a healthcare professional to weigh the risks and benefits. | | notes | Careful consideration and monitoring required. |
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| side effects | | 1 | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea | | 2 | Headache, dizziness, insomnia | | 3 | Sweating, dry mouth, constipation | | 4 | Elevated blood pressure and heart rate | | 5 | Sexual dysfunction (decreased libido, anorgasmia) | | 6 | Anxiety, agitation | | 7 | Weight gain or loss | | 8 | Increased risk of suicidal ideation (especially in adolescents and young adults) | | 9 | Rarely, serotonin syndrome |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | Hypersensitivity to venlafaxine or any of its components. History of or coexisting conditions requiring specific caution (e.g., severe liver impairment, uncontrolled hypertension, etc.). Concurrent use of MAO inhibitors. |
| interactions | Venlafaxine interacts with many medications, including MAO inhibitors, triptans, NSAIDs, etc. Potential for serotonin syndrome with concurrent use of other serotonergic drugs. It also interacts with certain medications influencing liver metabolism. |
| warnings and precautions | Close monitoring of blood pressure is essential, especially during initiation and dose titration. Patients should be warned about the possibility of suicidal ideation, and mental health professionals should consider close observation during initiation of therapy, especially in those with a history of depression and suicidal behavior. Patients should inform healthcare providers about all other medications they are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements. Avoid alcohol consumption. Watch for signs of serotonin syndrome. |
| additional informations | Venlafaxine is generally well-tolerated but can cause adverse effects in some patients. Always consult with your physician for advice tailored to your specific needs. |
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