| name | Tretinoin (Retin-A, Renova) |
| classification | Topical Retinoid |
| pharmacokinetics | Tretinoin is a topical retinoid readily absorbed into the skin, promoting cell turnover and reducing inflammation. The precise mechanism, involving multiple signaling pathways and enzyme interactions, is not fully elucidated. It is primarily metabolized by the liver and excreted in urine and bile. |
| suggested dosage | For acne, typically start with a very low concentration (0.025%) once daily at night, applied to affected areas. Gradually increase frequency or concentration as tolerated. Consult a dermatologist for appropriate dosage and treatment duration. Individual tolerance varies. |
| indications | | 1 | Acne vulgaris (mild to moderate) | | 2 | Photoaging | | 3 | Fine lines and wrinkles | | 4 | Sun damage (actinic keratosis) | | 5 | Psoriasis | | 6 | Other skin conditions |
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| safety in pregnancy | | category | C | | recommendation | Not recommended during pregnancy unless potential benefits outweigh risks. Consult a healthcare provider. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | | recommendation | Limited data available. Possible presence in breast milk with potential infant effects. Consult your healthcare provider. |
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| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation (redness, dryness, burning, scaling, peeling) | | 2 | Exacerbation of acne (especially initially) | | 3 | Sensitivity to sunlight (phototoxicity) | | 4 | Skin discoloration | | 5 | Rarely, severe or persistent reactions. Seek immediate medical attention. |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to retinoids | | 2 | Severe skin conditions | | 3 | Active skin infections | | 4 | Certain types of skin conditions |
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| interactions | Certain topical medications and drugs, including some acne treatments. Consult your healthcare provider. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Avoid use on broken or irritated skin. | | 2 | Apply sunscreen with high SPF daily. | | 3 | Start with low concentration and gradually increase as tolerated. | | 4 | Be aware of potential sun sensitivity. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Topical retinoids may take several weeks to months to show results. | | 2 | Consult a dermatologist for personalized advice and management. |
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| patient profile | |
