| drug name | Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) |
| classification | Prebiotic fiber |
| pharmacokinetics | GOS is not absorbed in the small intestine. It passes into the large intestine where it is fermented by gut bacteria. The resulting metabolites (short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs) are absorbed and have various effects on the body. The exact pharmacokinetic profile is complex and not fully elucidated, as it depends greatly on the individual gut microbiome. |
| suggested dosage | Dosage varies widely based on the specific product, patient age, condition, and severity. Consult a healthcare professional or refer to product labeling for appropriate guidance. Typical daily intake in the range of 1-15 grams is common in dietary supplements or infant formulas. |
| indications | GOS is primarily used to promote healthy gut microbiota and improve digestive health. Specific indications often cited in the literature include:
* Improving symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
* Managing diarrhea, especially in children and infants.
* Improving gut health after antibiotic treatment.
* Improving lactose digestion in individuals with lactose intolerance.
* Possible role in prevention of childhood diseases such as allergies.
* Promoting healthier gut microbiome for improved immune system function.
*May have potential benefits in certain other conditions, though further research is needed. |
| safety in pregnancy | Limited data is available on the safety of GOS during pregnancy. There is no known direct harm, but it is crucial to follow the advice of a doctor and discuss its suitability for individual circumstances. |
| safety in breastfeeding | GOS appears safe to use while breastfeeding based on current evidence. Consult a doctor for specific advice and recommendations. |
| side effects | Generally, GOS is well-tolerated. Common mild side effects may include bloating, gas, or mild abdominal discomfort, especially when starting a new dose. These side effects are typically temporary. More serious side effects are rare but may include allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. Always monitor for any unusual reactions or worsening symptoms. |
| alternatives | |
| contraindications | No known direct contraindications specific to GOS, except for individuals with known severe gut sensitivities or allergies to particular ingredients in a specific GOS preparation. Consult a healthcare professional for appropriate guidance. |
| interactions | Limited data is available on drug interactions of GOS. It is not expected to interact significantly with commonly used medications. However, if you are on any medication, consult your physician before taking GOS. |
| warnings and precautions | Consult a healthcare professional before starting GOS supplementation. Monitor for any adverse reactions and discontinue if symptoms worsen. Especially, individuals with underlying gut disorders or known allergies should be cautious about initiating GOS, under the guidance of a physician. |
| additional information | GOS is a naturally occurring carbohydrate. It is a type of prebiotic fiber, meaning that it selectively promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. Consider discussing the appropriate GOS preparation or dosage with a registered dietitian or gastroenterologist, especially for conditions such as IBS, gut health issues, or to support breastfeeding. |
| patient specific considerations | | age | 25 years - No specific considerations for a healthy adult at this age. Consult a health professional about appropriate dosage based on the individual condition. | | weight | 70 kg - No specific dosage guidelines need to be modified for a healthy adult of this weight. |
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