| drug name | Coal Tar Shampoo |
| classification | Keratolytic, Anti-inflammatory, Antifungal (topical) |
| pharmacokinetics | Coal tar is absorbed through the scalp, but systemic absorption is minimal. The exact mechanisms of action are not fully understood, but it is thought to affect cell turnover, inhibit certain fungal and bacterial growth, and reduce inflammation. The product remains on the scalp, and minimal systemic absorption is expected. |
| suggested dosage | Apply a small amount of shampoo to wet hair, lather, and leave on for 3-5 minutes. Rinse thoroughly. Follow the product instructions, as strength and frequency may vary. For severe dandruff, daily or every other day application for a few weeks may be necessary, but this should be directed by a dermatologist. |
| indications | Treatment of severe dandruff (seborrheic dermatitis), seborrheic dermatitis, and other scalp conditions characterized by inflammation, scaling, and itching. Some formulations may also include other ingredients like salicylic acid or zinc pyrithione for added benefit. |
| safety in pregnancy | Limited data available. Consider consulting a healthcare professional before use during pregnancy due to the lack of robust studies. Topical application may pose minimal risk, but systemic effects are unknown. There is a need to balance the potential benefits versus risks. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data available. Consider consulting a healthcare professional before use during breastfeeding. Topical application may pose minimal risk, but systemic effects are unknown. A need to balance the potential benefits versus risks. |
| side effects | | 1 | Scalp irritation (e.g., redness, burning, itching) | | 2 | Skin dryness or scaling | | 3 | Hair staining (darkening of hair) | | 4 | Possible allergic reactions in sensitive individuals | | 5 | Rare cases of more significant skin reactions |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known allergy to coal tar or any of the ingredients in the specific product | | 2 | Open wounds or broken skin on the scalp | | 3 | Severe skin conditions that are not diagnosed or managed by a healthcare professional | | 4 | Use with caution in individuals with pre-existing scalp conditions, such as psoriasis or eczema. |
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| interactions | Limited information available on significant drug interactions. It is important to disclose all medications being taken to a healthcare provider. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, rinse thoroughly. | | 2 | Perform a patch test on a small area of skin before widespread use, especially in sensitive individuals, to assess for potential reactions. | | 3 | Proper use and product selection should be directed by a healthcare provider for severe dandruff or other related conditions. | | 4 | Use caution in individuals with pre-existing scalp conditions. | | 5 | Thorough rinsing is critical to minimize potential skin irritation. | | 6 | If irritation persists or worsens, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Coal tar shampoos can stain clothing or fabrics; wear an old t-shirt or towel while using it. | | 2 | The effectiveness of coal tar shampoos can vary among individuals. Some may experience improvement after a few weeks of use, while others may require more time or a different treatment approach. | | 3 | Coal tar shampoos may cause discoloration of the hair; the color may fade over time. | | 4 | Consistent use may be necessary to maintain improvement; stop treatment if no visible improvements happen after a period of time. Consultation with a dermatologist can help in determining appropriate frequency and duration. |
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| patient specific details | | age | 25 | | weight | 70 | | details | The patient's age and weight do not significantly alter the general use of coal tar shampoos. |
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