| name | Lisinopril |
| classification | ACE inhibitor |
| pharmacokinetics | Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract. Peak plasma concentrations typically within 1-4 hours. Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. Renal function affects clearance. Liver function may also influence metabolism. |
| suggested dosage | Initial: 10 mg orally daily, titrated upward to max 40 mg daily. Individualized by physician. |
| indications | | 1 | Hypertension | | 2 | Heart failure | | 3 | Diabetic nephropathy | | 4 | Post-myocardial infarction |
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| safety in pregnancy | | category | D | | warning | Should not be used during pregnancy unless potential benefit outweighs risk. May cause fetal harm or death. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | | potential presence | May be present in breast milk. | | caution | Use with caution, consider alternative therapies if breastfeeding desired. |
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| side effects | | 1 | | effect | Dry cough | | severity | Mild-Moderate |
| | 2 | | effect | Dizziness | | severity | Mild |
| | 3 | | effect | Headache | | severity | Mild |
| | 4 | | effect | Fatigue | | severity | Mild-Moderate |
| | 5 | | effect | Hypotension | | severity | Mild-Moderate |
| | 6 | | effect | Renal impairment (especially in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency) | | severity | Moderate-Severe |
| | 7 | | effect | Angioedema (rare but serious) | | severity | Severe |
| | 8 | | effect | Hyperkalemia | | severity | Moderate-Severe |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | History of angioedema | | 2 | Severe bilateral renal artery stenosis | | 3 | Pregnancy | | 4 | Hypersensitivity to ACE inhibitors | | 5 | Severe kidney problems | | 6 | Combined use with potassium-sparing diuretics (can lead to dangerously high potassium levels) |
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| interactions | | 1 | | drug | Diuretics | | interaction | May increase risk of hypotension | | severity | Moderate |
| | 2 | | drug | NSAIDs | | interaction | May reduce antihypertensive effect and increase risk of kidney problems | | severity | Moderate |
| | 3 | | drug | Potassium-sparing diuretics | | interaction | Risk of hyperkalemia | | severity | High |
| | 4 | | drug | Lithium | | interaction | Risk of lithium toxicity | | severity | High |
| | 5 | | drug | Other ACE inhibitors or ARBs | | interaction | Additive effect, careful monitoring required | | severity | Moderate |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor blood pressure closely, especially during initial therapy and dosage adjustments. | | 2 | Monitor serum creatinine and potassium levels during therapy. | | 3 | Patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis may be at higher risk for acute kidney failure. | | 4 | Patients with heart failure should be monitored closely and treated cautiously. |
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| additional informations | Individual response varies, dose titration is important. Close monitoring and communication with healthcare professional essential for safe and effective use. |
