| name | Fosinopril |
| classification | ACE inhibitor |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-4 hours. | | distribution | Distributed throughout the body, with high concentrations in the kidneys and lungs. | | metabolism | Metabolized primarily in the liver. Fosinopril is not extensively metabolized and is excreted largely unchanged by the kidneys. | | excretion | Excreted primarily by the kidneys. Renal function affects the elimination, so dose adjustments may be necessary in patients with impaired renal function. |
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| suggested dosage | | initial | 10 mg daily | | typical maintenance | 20 to 40 mg daily, usually once daily | | adjustments | Adjust dosage based on blood pressure response and renal function. Consult a physician. |
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| indications | | 1 | Hypertension | | 2 | Heart failure | | 3 | Diabetic nephropathy (in some cases) | | 4 | Post-myocardial infarction (in some cases) |
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| safety in pregnancy | Contraindicated. Fosinopril may cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. If pregnancy occurs, discontinue the medication promptly and consider alternative treatments. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Use with caution. Fosinopril may be present in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in a nursing infant. Consult a physician for appropriate management. |
| side effects | | 1 | Headache | | 2 | Dizziness | | 3 | Cough | | 4 | Fatigue | | 5 | Taste disturbance | | 6 | Rash | | 7 | Hypotension (especially in patients with volume depletion) | | 8 | Angioedema (rare but serious) | | 9 | Renal impairment (especially in patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency) | | 10 | Hyperkalemia |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | History of angioedema related to ACE inhibitors | | 2 | Bilateral renal artery stenosis | | 3 | Pregnancy | | 4 | Hypersensitivity to fosinopril or other ACE inhibitors | | 5 | Severe renal impairment |
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| interactions | | 1 | Diuretics (can increase risk of hypotension) | | 2 | Potassium-sparing diuretics (can increase risk of hyperkalemia) | | 3 | Lithium (can increase lithium levels) | | 4 | NSAIDs (can decrease antihypertensive effect) | | 5 | Other ACE inhibitors |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor blood pressure closely, especially after initial dose and during dose adjustments. | | 2 | Monitor for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia (e.g., muscle weakness, palpitations). | | 3 | Monitor for signs and symptoms of renal impairment (e.g., changes in urine output). | | 4 | Use caution in patients with a history of kidney disease or dehydration. | | 5 | Patients with heart failure should be monitored carefully for worsening symptoms. | | 6 | Avoid use in patients with severe heart failure and low blood pressure |
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| additional information | | patient specific notes | Age and weight are not relevant to dose calculation for this drug. A physician must determine the appropriate dosage and duration of treatment based on the individual patient's condition and response to therapy. Monitoring is crucial. | | important considerations | This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment. |
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