| name | Torsemide |
| Classification | Loop diuretic |
| Pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Rapidly absorbed after oral administration, peak plasma concentrations achieved within 1-2 hours. | | distribution | Distributes widely throughout the body, with significant binding to plasma proteins. | | metabolism | Metabolized primarily in the liver, with a minor portion excreted unchanged in the urine. | | elimination | Elimination half-life is typically 2-4 hours, but can vary depending on the individual's renal function and other factors. Primarily eliminated by the kidneys. |
|
| suggested dosage | | oral | | adult | Initial dose: 10-20 mg once daily; titrated to 40-200mg daily. | | elderly | Start with a lower dose and titrate slowly to avoid electrolyte imbalance. Often, doses are lower for the elderly and adjusted individually to achieve the therapeutic effect. | | patient specific note | Dosage must be adjusted based on individual patient response, renal function, and other underlying medical conditions. Always follow the prescription of a qualified physician and avoid self-medication. |
|
|
| indications | | 1 | Edema associated with congestive heart failure | | 2 | Cirrhosis of the liver | | 3 | Nephrotic syndrome | | 4 | Hypertension |
|
| safety in pregnancy | Torsemide is generally considered a pregnancy category C drug. Use during pregnancy is only recommended if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risks to the fetus. Consult with a healthcare provider to determine if it is appropriate for your situation. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Torsemide is excreted in breast milk. Use of Torsemide in breastfeeding mothers should be carefully considered, especially during the first few months after birth. Discuss with your doctor if you are breastfeeding. |
| side effects | | 1 | Headache | | 2 | Dizziness | | 3 | Lightheadedness | | 4 | Electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia) | | 5 | Dehydration | | 6 | Thirst | | 7 | Muscle cramps | | 8 | Fatigue | | 9 | Nausea | | 10 | Vomiting | | 11 | Diarrhea | | 12 | Dry mouth | | 13 | Hypotension | | 14 | Jaundice | | 15 | Elevated liver enzymes | | 16 | Skin rash |
|
| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to torsemide or other sulfonamide derivatives | | 2 | Severe dehydration | | 3 | Severe electrolyte imbalances | | 4 | Severe renal impairment (anuria) | | 5 | Anuria |
|
| interactions | | 1 | Concurrent use with aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin) can increase the risk of nephrotoxicity | | 2 | Use with other diuretics may potentiate their effects | | 3 | Use with lithium can increase lithium levels | | 4 | Use with certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce the efficacy of the diuretic | | 5 | Use with digoxin can increase digoxin levels |
|
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor blood pressure, electrolytes, and renal function closely, especially during the initial dose adjustment period | | 2 | Caution is needed in patients with a history of liver disease, kidney disease, or heart failure. | | 3 | Avoid sudden discontinuation of the drug without consulting a doctor | | 4 | Monitor for signs of dehydration | | 5 | Patients with diabetes mellitus may experience alterations in blood glucose levels | | 6 | Be aware of possible dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly |
|
| additional information | This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before starting or stopping any medication. |
| patient specific considerations | | age | 25 years: Generally well-tolerated in this age group, but monitoring is important. | | weight | 70 kg: Dosage should be based on the patient's individual factors, especially renal function. Normal weight is not a sole determining factor for dosage. |
|
