| name | Probiotics |
| Classification | Dietary Supplement; Not a specific drug, but a class of live microorganisms |
| Pharmacokinetics | Varied depending on the specific probiotic strain. Absorption is generally minimal, and the majority of the probiotic bacteria are eliminated in the feces. The effects are primarily due to their action within the gastrointestinal tract. |
| suggested dosage | Dosage varies significantly based on the specific probiotic product and intended use. Consult the product label or a healthcare professional for appropriate dosage recommendations. Common dosages range from 1 to 10 billion colony-forming units (CFUs) per day, taken as a single dose or divided doses. Be mindful of CFUs and the species of probiotics to ensure the most effective use for a particular patient's needs. |
| indications | | 1 | Prevention and treatment of certain types of diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea. | | 2 | Improvement of digestive health and overall gut flora balance. | | 3 | Potential benefits for immune function, but this is still under research | | 4 | Possible role in improving lactose intolerance symptoms. | | 5 | Some evidence suggests probiotic supplements may help with skin conditions. |
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| Safety in pregnancy | Limited data available on probiotic safety during pregnancy. While generally considered safe, it is best to consult a doctor before taking probiotics during pregnancy. |
| Safety in breastfeeding | Generally considered safe when taken in recommended doses. It's best to discuss with a healthcare provider, especially during the first few months of breastfeeding. |
| side effects | | 1 | Gas | | 2 | Bloating | | 3 | Diarrhea | | 4 | Nausea | | 5 | In rare cases, more serious allergic reactions. |
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| alternatives | | 1 | Prebiotics (non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, such as inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS)). | | 2 | Dietary changes emphasizing probiotic-rich foods (yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut). |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Patients with severe immune deficiencies or compromised immune systems should consult with a healthcare professional before taking probiotics. | | 2 | Individuals with specific underlying gastrointestinal conditions should consult a doctor. | | 3 | Patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to probiotic strains should avoid specific products. |
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| interactions | | 1 | Potential interactions with certain medications, including antibiotics. Always consult a healthcare professional before combining probiotics with other medications. | | 2 | Some probiotics may interfere with the absorption of certain medications; consult a physician if taking other supplements or medications. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Choose reputable brands and products with clear labeling regarding the types and quantities of probiotics. | | 2 | Ensure proper storage to maintain the viability of the live organisms. | | 3 | Stop use and consult a physician if symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop. | | 4 | Be aware that some probiotics are only effective for certain uses, and that some species of bacteria are more effective for particular needs. |
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| additional information | | 1 | The efficacy and safety of different probiotic strains vary greatly. | | 2 | Always prioritize consulting with a healthcare professional for personalized recommendations and assessments. | | 3 | The optimal benefits of probiotics can be impacted by diet, lifestyle, and other factors. | | 4 | Follow product instructions carefully and adjust dosage based on individual tolerance. |
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| patient specific considerations | | age | 25 years (no specific considerations for this age) | | weight | 70 kg (no specific considerations for this weight) | | gender | Male (no specific considerations for gender) |
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