| name | Vitamin D3 |
| classification | Fat-soluble vitamin |
| pharmacokinetics | Absorbed in the small intestine with the aid of fat. Primarily stored in the liver and fat tissues. Metabolized in the liver and kidneys, resulting in the active form calcitriol. Excreted in the bile and feces. |
| suggested dosage | Consult a healthcare professional for appropriate dosage. Varies based on age, sex, individual needs, and conditions. A general guideline for a 25-year-old male weighing 70 kg is 600 IU (15 mcg) per day. |
| indications | | 1 | Prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency | | 2 | Support for bone health, including calcium absorption and bone mineralization | | 3 | Potential role in immune function, reducing risk of certain infections | | 4 | May potentially play a role in muscle function and reducing the risk of falls (particularly in older adults) |
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| safety in pregnancy | Generally safe in recommended doses. Supplementation may be necessary in some circumstances, especially if the mother has a deficiency. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Present in breast milk; supplementation may be necessary if the mother has a deficiency. |
| side effects | | 1 | Constipation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia | | 2 | Headache, fatigue, dizziness | | 3 | Kidney stones (at high doses) | | 4 | Rarely, very high doses may cause elevated blood calcium (hypercalcemia), with symptoms including nausea, vomiting, confusion, weakness, and irregular heartbeat. | | 5 | Generally considered safe with appropriate dosages. |
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| alternatives | | 1 | Other Vitamin D3 products (different brands, forms) |
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| contraindications | Hypercalcemia. Patients with kidney disease may require lower or adjusted doses based on kidney function. |
| interactions | Some medications may interact with vitamin D, including certain anticonvulsants. Consult a healthcare professional. |
| warnings and precautions | Do not exceed recommended dosages without consulting a healthcare professional. Monitor for signs of hypercalcemia. Kidney stones can occur with high doses. Sunlight exposure can be a source. |
| additional information | Individuals with darker skin may need more sun exposure than those with lighter skin. Regular blood tests may be needed to monitor levels, especially in individuals with risk factors for deficiency or specific health conditions. |
