| drug | Netilmicin |
| classification | Aminoglycoside antibiotic |
| pharmacokinetics | | absorption | Not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; administered intravenously or intramuscularly. | | distribution | Distributes widely throughout the body, including the kidneys and lungs. Concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid are variable and often low, particularly with normal renal function. Penetration into the lungs and other tissues can vary depending on the specific infection and the patient's condition. | | metabolism | Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys. | | excretion | Exclusively renal. Accumulation and toxicity are primarily dependent on renal function. |
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| suggested dosage | | note | Dosage must be individualized based on patient renal function, severity of infection, and other factors. Consult prescribing information and monitor serum creatinine levels regularly. | | adult typical dosage | IV/IM: 50mg/kg every 8-24 hours or based on creatinine clearance | | renal impairment | Adjusted based on creatinine clearance. | | pediatric dosage | Available, see manufacturer's prescribing information. |
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| indications | | 1 | Serious bacterial infections unresponsive to other antibiotics, including those affecting the respiratory tract, urinary tract, blood, bones, and joints. Often used in combination therapy. |
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| safety in pregnancy | | category | Category D | | details | Netilmicin may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Use only if potential benefits outweigh the risks, and appropriate monitoring is performed. | | further caution | Animal studies have shown adverse effects, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are not available. |
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| safety in breastfeeding | | details | Netilmicin is excreted in breast milk. The amount may be negligible in some cases, but the potential risks to the infant need to be considered. | | recommendation | Use with caution or avoid breastfeeding if possible. |
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| side effects | | 1 | Ototoxicity (damage to the inner ear), especially with prolonged use or high doses, including hearing loss and tinnitus. | | 2 | Nephrotoxicity (damage to the kidneys), which may be more pronounced in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction. | | 3 | Neuromuscular blockade | | 4 | Local pain, inflammation, and thrombophlebitis at the injection site. | | 5 | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. | | 6 | Allergic reactions (rash, hives, anaphylaxis). | | 7 | Changes in blood counts and liver function tests |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known hypersensitivity to netilmicin or other aminoglycosides. | | 2 | Severe neuromuscular disorders | | 3 | Pre-existing significant renal impairment or dysfunction. |
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| interactions | | 1 | Concurrent use of other nephrotoxic medications (e.g., some diuretics) may increase the risk of kidney damage. | | 2 | Use with drugs affecting neuromuscular function (e.g., magnesium sulfate, neuromuscular blocking agents) should be carefully monitored. | | 3 | Interacts with certain drugs that affect renal function |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Monitor renal and auditory functions regularly, especially during prolonged use. | | 2 | Administer slowly and carefully when giving intravenous netilmicin. | | 3 | Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment. | | 4 | Monitor serum levels to optimize efficacy and minimize toxicity. | | 5 | Cautious use in patients with a history of hearing loss or pre-existing renal problems |
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| additional informations | | patient age weight specifics | The dosage information is a general guideline for adult patients, and the provided weight is a part of the consideration. Specific adjustments are crucial based on individual patient factors. For a patient aged 25 and weighing 70 kg, dosage recommendations need to be carefully calculated based on creatinine clearance and other relevant factors. | | important notes | This information is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a physician or other qualified healthcare provider for any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment. This information doesn't include all possible interactions or side effects. |
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