| name | Coal Tar Shampoos |
| Classification | Keratolytic, Anti-inflammatory, Antifungal (depending on formulation) |
| Pharmacokinetics | Coal tar is poorly absorbed through the skin. The primary mechanism of action is likely local, though some systemic effects may occur. The exact pharmacokinetic parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) are not well documented in the context of shampoos, as compared to topical application in other forms. |
| suggested dosage | Follow product instructions carefully. Generally, apply shampoo to wet hair, lather, and leave on for 5-10 minutes before rinsing. The frequency of use will vary depending on the condition being treated and will be specified on the product label. |
| indications | | 1 | Seborrheic dermatitis (scalp) | | 2 | Psoriasis (scalp) | | 3 | Some types of dandruff | | 4 | Tinea capitis (fungal scalp infection) - Note: Coal tar alone may not be sufficient, and antifungal agents may be needed in conjunction. |
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| safety in pregnancy | Limited data are available on the safety of coal tar shampoos in pregnancy. Consult a healthcare provider before use during pregnancy. Potential risks to the fetus are not fully understood. While not fully contraindicated, cautious use is advised. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Limited data available. The use of coal tar shampoos during breastfeeding should be discussed with a healthcare provider. Potential risks to the infant are not fully understood. Low levels of absorbed coal tar may enter breast milk. Precautionary use is advised. |
| side effects | | 1 | Skin irritation | | 2 | Burning sensation | | 3 | Dryness | | 4 | Hair loss (rare but possible, particularly with prolonged or excessive use) | | 5 | Allergic reactions (rare) | | 6 | Temporary discoloration of hair or scalp (may be permanent in some cases) |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Known allergy to coal tar or any component of the shampoo | | 2 | Severe skin conditions or open wounds on the scalp | | 3 | Children under 2 years of age (consult with a pediatrician). |
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| interactions | Limited interactions are anticipated. However, concurrent use with other topical medications or hair care products should be discussed with a physician, as the combination may affect how the product is absorbed, excreted, or cause potential side effects. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Apply to scalp only. | | 2 | Avoid contact with eyes. If contact occurs, flush thoroughly with water. | | 3 | Use a protective barrier (like gloves) when handling product if potential for skin irritation is a concern. | | 4 | Do not use excessively or for extended periods without consulting with a healthcare professional, as prolonged use can lead to hair loss or other problems | | 5 | Use caution in individuals with sensitive skin. | | 6 | Thorough rinsing is crucial to prevent accumulation and possible skin irritation. |
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| additional information | | 1 | Different products may have varying concentrations of coal tar, influencing their effectiveness and potential side effects. | | 2 | Always test a small area of the scalp for sensitivity before applying to the entire scalp. Observe the reaction. | | 3 | If symptoms worsen or new symptoms appear, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. |
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| patient specific details | | age | 25 | | weight | 70 | | notes | Patient age and weight do not significantly alter the general safety information for coal tar shampoos. Always follow product instructions and consult a healthcare professional if unsure. |
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