| drug | Calcitriol |
| name | Calcitriol |
| classification | Vitamin D Analogue, Calcium Regulator |
| pharmacokinetics | Calcitriol is a highly active form of vitamin D3. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized in the liver and kidneys. Its primary action is to increase calcium absorption from the intestines, which, in turn, stimulates bone reabsorption and promotes bone mineralization. The active form is primarily metabolized in the kidneys with a half-life of approximately 6 hours. Metabolites are excreted through the kidneys. Individual responses and clearance rates vary among individuals. |
| suggested dosage | | adult | The dosage is highly individualized based on the patient's condition and response. It is crucial to follow the specific recommendations by a qualified physician. Typical starting doses are in the range of 0.25-1 mcg/day. | | note | Adjustments may be necessary and monitoring of serum calcium, and phosphorus levels are essential. |
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| indications | | 1 | Hypocalcemia (low blood calcium) | | 2 | Hypoparathyroidism (underactive parathyroid glands) | | 3 | Renal osteodystrophy (bone disease associated with kidney failure) | | 4 | Rickets (bone disease in children) |
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| safety in pregnancy | Limited data suggests potential risks to the fetus if used during pregnancy, but these risks are not fully understood. Use only as directed by a healthcare provider during pregnancy and carefully weigh potential benefits against the possible risks. Monitoring of maternal and fetal calcium levels is essential. |
| safety in breastfeeding | Calcitriol can pass into breast milk. It is essential to discuss risks and benefits of using this medication with a healthcare professional if breastfeeding. Monitor infant for signs of calcium imbalance. |
| side effects | | 1 | Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium): This is the most significant risk and can lead to nausea, vomiting, constipation, headache, fatigue, weakness, and decreased appetite. | | 2 | Nausea | | 3 | Vomiting | | 4 | Constipation | | 5 | Headache | | 6 | Loss of appetite | | 7 | Increased thirst | | 8 | Increased urination | | 9 | Muscle weakness | | 10 | Kidney stones | | 11 | Changes in mental status (confusion or disorientation) | | 12 | Heart rhythm disturbances |
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| alternatives | |
| contraindications | | 1 | Hypercalcemia (pre-existing high blood calcium levels) | | 2 | Severe kidney disease | | 3 | Known hypersensitivity to calcitriol | | 4 | Overactive parathyroid gland (hyperparathyroidism) |
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| interactions | | 1 | Certain medications (including thiazide diuretics, glucocorticoids, and certain antacids), can affect calcium levels. Always consult a doctor about possible interactions with other medications. | | 2 | Vitamin D, and calcium supplements can increase calcium levels, therefore use with caution. |
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| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Careful monitoring of serum calcium, phosphorus, and kidney function is necessary while taking calcitriol. | | 2 | Dosage adjustments may be required based on patient's condition and response. | | 3 | Regular check-ups are essential to assess efficacy and avoid potential side effects. | | 4 | Use with caution in patients with impaired kidney function. | | 5 | Avoid taking with high doses of vitamin D, or other calcium supplements. |
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| additional information | Calcitriol is a potent medication and should only be used under the close supervision of a healthcare professional. Precise dosage and monitoring are crucial to mitigate risks. Patients should report any unusual symptoms to their physician. |
| patient profile | |
