| name | Autograft (Patient's own bone) |
| Classification | Surgical procedure/Biologic Material |
| Pharmacokinetics | Not applicable. Autografts are transplanted tissue, not a drug. No absorption or distribution as per pharmaceutical drugs. |
| suggested dosage | Not applicable. Dosage depends on the specific surgical procedure and the amount of bone needed. This will be determined by the surgeon. |
| indications | | 1 | Bone defect repair in various locations (e.g., craniofacial, maxillofacial, spinal fusion, orthopedic surgery, etc.). | | 2 | Treating non-union fractures | | 3 | Reconstruction of bone defects after trauma, tumor resection, or disease. | | 4 | Treating bone loss in various medical conditions |
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| Safety in pregnancy | Limited data. Bone grafting procedures are not typically performed during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary for a serious complication. Discuss with the doctor about any specific risks in pregnancy. |
| Safety in breastfeeding | Limited data. If bone grafting is necessary during breastfeeding, discuss potential risks and benefits with the doctor. There may be limited data on excretion of graft material in breast milk. |
| side effects | | 1 | Infection (at the surgical site) | | 2 | Bleeding | | 3 | Pain and discomfort | | 4 | Swelling at the surgical site | | 5 | Numbness or tingling | | 6 | Nerve injury (depending on the location of the graft) | | 7 | Graft failure/resorptions | | 8 | Non-union | | 9 | Limited mobility of the involved body region |
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| alternatives | | 1 | Allograft (donor bone) | | 2 | Synthetic bone substitutes (e.g., calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glass) | | 3 | Other bone substitutes with osteoconductive and inductive properties (e.g., deproteinated bone matrix) |
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| contraindications | | 1 | Active infection at the surgical site | | 2 | Uncontrolled coagulopathy or bleeding disorders | | 3 | Severe osteoporosis or bone conditions | | 4 | Patient's inability to tolerate the surgical procedure (based on general health) | | 5 | Uncontrolled inflammatory conditions |
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| interactions | No known direct drug interactions. However, interactions with other medications the patient is taking should be evaluated by the physician before the procedure. |
| warnings and precautions | | 1 | Careful evaluation of the patient's overall health and any underlying medical conditions. | | 2 | Proper surgical technique and sterile conditions are crucial to prevent infection. | | 3 | Post-operative pain management and monitoring of healing process are important. | | 4 | Proper patient selection is essential based on the medical needs and risk-benefit assessments. | | 5 | Potential complications and outcomes should be thoroughly discussed with the patient and their physician. | | 6 | Risk of non-union or graft failure depending on the clinical scenario and surgery details. |
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| additional informations | | 1 | Autografts are considered a gold standard due to the patient's own biological response compared to allograft procedures. | | 2 | The amount of autograft material will depend on the size of the defect and the individual case. | | 3 | Post-operative rehabilitation is essential for successful healing and functional recovery. | | 4 | Patient's age and weight are not direct factors influencing the autograft procedure but factors such as overall health status, medical history and surgical risk assessment are significant and must be considered in the decision making process. |
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